THE ROLE OF GASTRONOMY IN MONTENEGRO’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: VIEWS OF TOURISM EMPLOYEES BASED ON EDUCATION AND POSITION

Keywords: gastronomy, tourism, economic growth, Montenegro, workforce, education, perceptions

Abstract


Gastronomy has long been recognized as a developmental component of tourism, as it links the cultural identity of a destination with economic effects on the local community. The subject of this study is the analysis of the role of gastronomy in the economic development of Montenegro, with particular emphasis on the attitudes of employees in the tourism and hospitality sectors. The research aimed to determine the extent to which employees recognize gastronomic potential as a factor of economic development, as well as to examine differences in attitudes depending on their level and field of education, workplace, and job position. The research was conducted across Montenegro during the summer season of 2025, and data were collected through a survey questionnaire. The results show that employees recognize the economic significance of gastronomy. The study revealed a significant influence of education and work environment on the understanding of this topic, thereby highlighting the need for stronger integration of gastronomy and education within tourism development.

 

References

Basle, N. (2023). Evaluating Gastronomic Destination Competitiveness through Upscale Gastronomy. Sustainability, 15(14), 11157.

Berbel-Pineda, J. M., Palacios-Florencio, B., Ramírez-Hurtado, J. M., & Santos-Roldán, L. (2019). Gastronomic experience as a factor of motivation in the tourist movements. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 18, 100171.

Björk, P., & Kauppinen-Räisänen, H. (2016). Local food: A source for destination attraction. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(1), 177–194.

Da Mota, C., Rodrigues, R., Palrão, T., & Madeira, A. (2024). The Role of Gastronomy as A Driver of Rural Tourism Development: The Case of Mirandela. European Countryside, 16, 480 - 499.

Da Mota, C., Rodrigues, R., Palrão, T., & Madeira, A. (2024). The Role of Gastronomy as A Driver of Rural Tourism Development: The Case of Mirandela. European Countryside, 16, 480 - 499.

Demirbilek, E., Şengül, S., & Akoğlu, A. (2018). Otel Yöneticilerinin Gastronomi Turizmi Algılarının Değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of Gastronomy Tourism Perspectives of Hotel Managers). Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 6/3, 250-262.

Đurašević, S., Adžić, S., & Stranjančević, A. (2019). Tourism Development Montenegro – Crucial Challenge Within The Structural Changes In Economy. GSI Journals Serie A: Advancements in Tourism Recreation and Sports Sciences, 2(1), 1-17.

Ellis, A., Park, E., Kim, S., & Yeoman, I. (2018). What is food tourism? Tourism Management, 68, 250–263.

Everett, S., & Aitchison, C. (2008). The role of food tourism in sustaining regional identity: A case study of Cornwall, South West England. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(2), 150–167.

Hall, C. M., & Gössling, S. (2016). Food tourism and regional development: Networks, products and trajectories. Routledge, 3-57.

Hodžić, S., Bogdan, S., & Bareša, S. (2020). The Financial Potential of Gastronomy for Tourism Development in Croatia. In Gastronomy for Tourism Development: Potential of the Western Balkans (pp. 211-245). Emerald Publishing Limited.

Horng, J. S., & Tsai, C. T. (2012). Culinary tourism strategic development: An Asia–Pacific perspective. International Journal of Tourism Research, 14(1), 40–55.

Joksimović, M., Jovanović, M., & Despotovic, A. (2020). The Agriculture of Adriatic Montenegrin Coast. In The Montenegrin Adriatic Coast: Marine Chemistry Pollution (pp. 69-102). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Kalenjuk Pivarski, B., Paunić, M., Šarenac, N., Šmugović, S., Mlinarević, P., Ivanović, V., Marjanović, J., Pavlović, S., Tekić, D., Ðerčan, B., Tešanović, D., & Jaraković, S. (2024). The influence of gastronomic identity factors on food tourism development in the Republic of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10.

Kalenjuk Pivarski, B., Tešanović, D., Šmugović, S., Ivanović, V., Paunić, M., Vojnović, D., Vujasinović, V., & Jaraković, S. (2024). Gastronomy as a Predictor of Tourism Development—Defining Food-Related Factors from the Perspective of Hospitality and Tourism Employees in Srem (A.P. Vojvodina, R. Serbia). Sustainability. 16(24), 10834.

Kalenjuk, B., Tešanović, D., & Bradic, M. (2013). The employees attitudes in hospitality and tourism and about potential for development of gastronomic tourism in Vojvodina. DETUROPE - The Central European Journal of Tourism and Regional Development, 31. https://doi.org/10.32725/det.2013.018.

Kivela, J., & Crotts, J. C. (2016). Tourism and gastronomy: Gastronomy’s influence on how tourists experience a destination. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 30(3), 354–377.

Kovalenko, A., Dias, Á., Pereira, L., & Simões, A. (2023). Gastronomic Experience and Consumer Behavior: Analyzing the Influence on Destination Image. Foods, 12.

Kruskal, W. H., & Wallis, W. A. (1952). Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 47(260), 583–621.

Kukanja, M., & Peštek, A. (2020). Development of Slovenia's Gastronomy – From Peasant Food to the European Region of Gastronomy 2021. In Gastronomy for Tourism Development (pp. 109-131). Emerald Publishing Limited.

López-Guzmán, T., Hernández-Mogollón, J., & Clemente, E. (2014). Gastronomic Tourism as a Motor of Local and Regional Development. Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, 14, 95-104.

Martinovic, A., & Mirecki, S. (2021). Food, nutrition, and health in Montenegro. In Nutritional and Health Aspects of Food in the Balkans (pp. 165-186). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820782-6.00003-7.

Nakipova, G., Arynova, Z., Kunyazov, E., Berezyuk, V., Zhunusova, A., & Syzdykbayeva, B. (2021). Influence of Human Capital on the Development of Tourism Industry. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 12, 6/54.

Paunić, M., Pivarski, B., Tešanović, D., Novaković, D., Šmugović, S., Šarenac, N., Ivanović, V., Mlinarević, P., & Marjanović, J. (2024). Gastronomic Identity Factors in the Function of Sustainable Gastronomy: A Case Study of Tourist Destinations in the Republic of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sustainability, 16(19), 8493.

Recuero-Virto, N., & Arróspide, C. V. (2024). Culinary destination enchantment: The strategic interplay of local gastronomy in regional tourism development. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 36, 100931.

Sanip, M. N. A., & Mustapha, R. (2020). The role of gastronomic tourism education in sustaining Malaysian heritage food. Sustainable Tourism Development: Futuristic Approaches, 16.

Simándi, S. (2018). The role of permanent learning and human capital in the sector of tourism. Turizam, 22/2, 63-70.

Solano-Sánchez, M., Mora, D., Hidalgo‐Fernández, A., & Moral-Cuadra, S. (2024). Gastrotourists' profiles through their motivations, opinions, and perceptions: An artificial neural networks approach. International Journal of Tourism Research, 26(3), e2655.

Suwandi, A., Fitriyani, E., & Panji Wulung, S. R. (2021). Analysis of tourism education to promote innovation in Gastronomy. Journal of Indonesian Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation, 2(2), 178.

Šmugović, S., Kalenjuk Pivarski, B., Ivanović, V., Tešanović, D., Novaković, D., Marić, A., ... & Paunić, M. (2024). The Effects of the Characteristics of Catering Establishments and Their Managers on the Offering of Dishes Prepared with Traditional Food Products in Bačka Region, Serbia. Sustainability, 16(17), 7450.

Tkach, V., Kharenko, D., & Kamushkov, O. (2021). Marketing strategy for promotion of a gastronomy brand of a tourist destination. Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics. https://doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2021-1-20.

Tovmasyan, G. (2019). Exploring The Role Of Gastronomy In Tourism. SocioEconomic Challenges. https://doi.org/10.21272/sec.3(3).30-39.2019.

Ullah, N., Khan, J., Saeed, I., Zada, S., Xin, S., Kang, Z., & Hu, Y. (2022). Gastronomic Tourism and Tourist Motivation: Exploring Northern Areas of Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137734.

Valachis, I., & Tachmatzidis, D. (2023). Employees’ metacognitive knowledge and skills assessment in tourism and hospitality. Journal of Tourism Management Research, 10(2), 123-139.

Vujačić, V. (2014). Importance of Application of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (Haccp) in Montenegro Tourism. Researchers World, 5, 8.

Vujačić, V., Kukanja, M., & Janinović, J. (2024). National Gastronomy and Gastronomic Tourism of Montenegro on its Way to the European Union. EU agrarian Law, 13, 17 - 24.

Yılmaz, G., Ülker, M., & Gülteki˙n, S. (2018). Gastronomy Metaphors According to Restaurant Employees. Gastronomy and Tourism, 3/1, 31-42.

Published
2025/12/12
Section
Original scientific paper