ULOGA MIKROBIOLOGIJE I INFLAMATORNIH BIOMARKERA U PLANIRANJU REKONSTRUKTIVNOG LEČENJA HRONIČNIH RANA: PREGLED LITERATURE
Sažetak
Hronične rane predstavljaju značajan klinički i javnozdravstveni problem, sa rastućom učestalošću kod starije populacije i pacijenata sa dijabetesom i vaskularnim oboljenjima. Pravovremeno planiranje rekonstruktivnog lečenja zahteva razumevanje mikrobioloških procesa i inflamatornih biomarkera koji odražavaju stanje rane. Cilj ovog preglednog rada je analizirati savremene pristupe u dijagnostici i planiranju rekonstruktivnog lečenja hroničnih rana posebno kroz sagledavanje značaja uloge mikrobiologije i inflamatornih biomarkera. U radu prikazan je pregled 18 relevantnih radova objavljenih u periodu 2010–2025. godine, sa fokusom na mikrobiološki profil, inflamatorne biomarkere i rekonstruktivne modalitete lečenja.Dominantni mikroorganizmi u hroničnim ranama su Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Acinetobacter baumannii. Povišeni CRP i IL-6 koreliraju sa infekcijom i lošim ishodom graftova, dok normalizacija ovih vrednosti označava spremnost rane za rekonstrukciju. Epidemiološki podaci pokazuju porast prevalencije hroničnih rana od 8–10% godišnje u Evropi, uz rast rezistencije bakterija.
Mikrobiološka kontrola i praćenje inflamatornih biomarkera treba da postanu sastavni deo algoritma planiranja rekonstruktivnih procedura kod hroničnih rana. Ovakav pristup doprinosi boljoj predikciji ishoda, smanjenju komplikacija i racionalizaciji terapije.
Reference
Bovis JL, Walsh K, King IC, Hallam MJ, Gilbert PM. Estimation of wound surface area: an evaluation of medical professionals’ assessment in a plastic surgery unit. J Wound Care. 2023;32(6):376–382.
Yao Z, He S, Pang M, Lei X, Wu C, Lin E, Cao Z, Jiang W, Fu X, Cheng B. A Rule of Thumb for Evaluating Surface Areas of Chronic Wounds. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2021;34(4):196–202.
Williams M. Wound infections: an overview. Br J Community Nurs. 2021;26(Sup6):S22–S25.
Wolcott RD, Rumbaugh KP, James G, Schultz G, Phillips P, Yang Q et al. Biofilm maturity studies indicate sharp debridement opens a time-dependent therapeutic window. J Wound Care. 2010;19(8):320–328.
Harika K, Shenoy VP, Narasimhaswamy N, Chawla K. Detection of Biofilm Production and Its Impact on Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Chronic Wound Infections. J Glob Infect Dis. 2020;12(3):129–134.
Shimekaw M, Tigabu A. Bacterial Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Risk Factors Among Patients With Wound Infections at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2022;21(2):182–192.
Liang X, Yan S, Ji J. Clinical significance of pathogenic bacteria distribution, risk factor analysis and serum proinflammatory factor level change in patients with deep burns of extremities. Adv Mod Biomed. 2022;22(16):3143–3147.
Chelkeba L, Melaku T. Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolates and Their Antibiotic-Resistance Patterns in Patients with Wound Infection in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Infect Drug Resist. 2021;14:277–302.
Liu J, Xu X, Lv X. Insights from Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology: Multiresistant pathogens and inflammation in chronic wounds. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025;15:1549470.
Papazoglou ES, Zubkov L, Mao X, Neidrauer M, Rannou N, Weingarten MS. Image analysis of chronic wounds for determining the surface area. Wound Repair Regen. 2010;18(4):349-358. doi:10.1111/j.1524-475X.2010.00594.x
Jørgensen LB, Sørensen JA, Jemec GB, Yderstraede KB. Methods to assess area and volume of wounds - a systematicreview.Int Wound J. 2016;13(4):540-553. doi:10.1111/iwj.12472
Spinczyk D, Wideł M. Surface area estimation for applicationofwound care.Injury. 2017;48(3):653-658.
Li K-C, Lee Y-H, Lin Y-H. Automated Image-Based Wound Area Assessment in Outpatient Clinics Using Computer-Aided Methods: A Development andValidationStudy.Medicina. 2025; 61(6):1099.
Casanova-Lozano L, Reifs-Jiménez D, Martí-Ejarque MdM, Reig-Bolaño R, Grau-Carrión S. Evaluation of Two Digital Wound Area Measurement Methods Using a Non-Randomized, Single-Center, ControlledClinicalTrial.Electronics. 2024; 13(12):2390.
Chierchia, Remi, et al. "Wound3DAssist: A Practical Framework for 3D WoundAssessment."arXivpreprint arXiv:2508.17635(2025).
Antoszewska M, Połomska K, Spychalski P, Kekonen A, Viik J, Barańska-Rybak W. Bioimpedance Measurement for Monitoring Chronic Wounds: A SystematicReview.IntWound J. 2025;22(6):e70707.
Foltynski P. Ways to increase precision and accuracy of wound area measurement using smart devices: Advanced appPlanimator.PLoS One. 2018;13(3):e0192485.
Foltynski P, Ciechanowska A, Ladyzynski P. Wound surface area measurement methods. Biocybernet Biomed Eng. 2021;41(4):1454–65.
