Design and analysis of an electro-mechanical impact sensor with an all-ways action mechanism and a Hall sensor:

Xuan Son Bui; Van Gion Do; Duc Hung Pham

doi:10.5937/vojtehg74-59737

Design and analysis of an electro-mechanical impact sensor with an all-ways action mechanism and a Hall sensor

impact sensor with all-ways action mechanism

Xuan Son Bui Special Equipment Faculty, Le Quy Don Technical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-5168
Van Gion Do Special Equipment Faculty, Le Quy Don Technical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8719-4984
Duc Hung Pham Special Equipment Faculty, Le Quy Don Technical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5645-5596

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg74-59737

Keywords: electro-mechanical impact sensor, all-ways action mechanism, Hall effect sensor

Abstract

Introduction/purpose: The paper proposes an electro-mechanical impact sensor for grenade detonation using an all-ways action mechanism with permanent magnets and a Hall sensor. After experimental validation, a mathematical model assesses how structural parameters, such as activation threshold, inertial mass, and Hall sensor placement, affect the fuze’s sensitivity. The study provides recommendations for optimal sensor design to ensure reliable activation at all impact angles.

Methods: The study used a combined approach to address the problem. Dynamic equations of the all-ways action mechanism were solved using the Runge-Kutta method, the magnetic field was simulated with FEMM 4.2 software, and the Hall voltage variation over time was analyzed to assess the fuse’s sensitivity under grenade impact conditions.

Results: The results show that an activation threshold below 80 mV ensures reliable operation at any impact angle with an impact velocity not greater than 2.5 m.s-1. The mass of the inertial object has a significant impact on the sensitivity, more than the mass of the magnet, and the location of the Hall sensor is critical, with some locations providing stable sensitivity and others resulting in poor performance.

Conclusion: The hybrid method presented in this paper effectively studies the signal from an electro-mechanical impact sensor combining an all-ways action mechanism, permanent magnets, and a Hall sensor. The research results are useful contributions to the design of impact sensors in grenade fuzes.

Published

2026/01/23

Issue

Vol. 74 No. 2 (2026): April – June

Section

Original Scientific Papers

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Proposed Creative Commons Copyright Notices

Proposed Policy for Military Technical Courier (Journals That Offer Open Access)

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).