Poređenje endovaskularne mikrotalasne ablacije i tradicionalnog uklanjanja vena kod varikoznih vena donjih ekstremiteta: retrospektivna studija
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilј. Varikozne vene se obično javlјaju u površinskim venama donjih ekstremiteta i predstavljaju značajnu manifestaciju hronične venske bolesti. Simptomi kod bolesnika mogu se razlikovati u zavisnosti od patogeneze, lokacije i stepena hronične venske bolesti. Cilj rada bio je da se ispita efikasnost endovaskularne mikrotalasne ablacije (EMA) i konvencionalne visoke ligacije sa uklanjanjem vene safene u lečenju varikoznih vena donjih ekstremiteta. Metode. Ova retrospektivna studija obuhvatila je 100 bolesnika sa dijagnozom unilateralnih varikoznih vena donjih ekstremiteta. Od toga, 50 je podvrgnuto ultrazvučno-vođenoj EMA (EMA grupa), a 50 je podvrgnuto tradicionalnom uklanjanju vena (tradicionalna grupa). Procenjivano je i upoređivano trajanje operacije, gubitak krvi tokom operacije, broj rezova, dužina boravka u bolnici i postoperativne komplikacije u obe grupe. Pored toga, Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) i Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire (AVVQ) procenjivani su 6 i 12 meseci nakon operacije kako bi se utvrdila efikasnost lečenja. Rezultati. Sve procedure su uspešno završene kod svih 100 slučajeva. EMA grupa imala je značajno kraće trajanje operacije, manji gubitak krvi, manje rezova i kraći boravak u bolnici u odnosu na tradicionalnu grupu (p < 0,05). Razlike u potkožnim modricama, formiranju hematoma i opekotinama kože među grupama bile su statistički značajne (p < 0,05), dok razlike u lokalnim senzitivnim promenama i infekciji reza nisu bile statistički značajne (p > 0,05). Preoperativne i postoperativne grupe nisu pokazale značajnu razliku u skorovima VCSS i AVVQ (p > 0,05). Međutim, i VCSS i AVVQ rezultati su se pobolјšali 6 i 12 meseci nakon operacije (p < 0,05). Zaklјučak. Klinička procena ukazuje da je efikasnost EMA uporediva sa tradicionalnim uklanjanjem vena u lečenju varikoznih vena donjih ekstremiteta. EMA takođe pokazuje prednosti u pogledu bezbednosti, što sugeriše širu primenu ove procedure u kliničkoj praksi.
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