Kognitivni status i kvalitet života bolesnika nakon moždanog udara: dokazi iz Srbije
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Moždani udar je veliki globalni zdravstveni problem i više od polovine bolesnika sa moždanim udarom pati od kognitivnih oštećenja. Cilj ove studije bio je da se proceni uticaj sekundarne rehabilitacije na kognitivni status i da se ispita njegova korelacija sa kvalitetom života kod bolesnika nakon moždanog udara. Metode. U studiji je učestvovalo ukupno 100 bolesnika (prosečne starosti 66,5 ± 7,3 godine), od kojih je 50 imalo dijagnozu ishemijskog moždanog udara (ischemic stroke – IS), a 50 je imalo dijagnozu intracerebralnog hemoragijskog moždanog udara (intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke – ICH). Test za procenu mentalnog stanja Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) korišćen je za procenu kognitivnog statusa, dok je Evropski upitnik za kvalitet života [European Quality of Life (EuroQol) 5-dimensional 3-level – EQ-5D-3L] korišćen za procenu kvaliteta života. Rezultati. Rezultati MMSE testa pokazali su značajne razlike nakon tri meseca (p = 0,037) i šest meseci (p = 0,009) trajanja sekundarne rehabilitacije u odnosu na prijem. Za EQ-5D-3L, uočene su značajne razlike u vreme prijema (p < 0,001), nakon mesec dana (p = 0,001) i šest meseci (p = 0,007). Uz to, Wilcoxon signed-rank test pokazao je statistički značajno poboljšanje i MMSE i EQ-5D-3L skorova bolesnika i sa IH i sa ICH, kada se uporede rezultati prijema s onima uzetim mesec dana (p < 0,001), tri meseca (p < 0,001) i šest meseci (p < 0,001) nakon sekundarne rehabilitacije. Zaključak. Rezultati ukazuju da postoji značajna korelacija između kognitivnog statusa i kvaliteta života merenog u sva četiri momenta. Dodatno, utvrđeno je da duže trajanje sekundarne rehabilitacije dovodi do poboljšanja kognitivnog statusa i višeg kvaliteta života bolesnika nakon moždanog udara.
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