Rehabilitacija bolesnika sa poremećajem ravnoteže posle moždanog udara: jednostruko slepa randomizovana kontrolisana studija
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Problemi povezani sa ravnotežom kod bolesnika nakon moždanog udara trebalo bi da se prepoznaju i leče najefikasnijim pristupima rehabilitacije. Cilj rada bio je da se proceni program grupnih vežbi sa stolicama za poboljšanje ravnoteže i sposobnosti hodanja bolesnika nakon moždanog udara. Metode. Ovom jednostrukom slepom randomizovanom kontrolisanom studijom obuhvaćeno je 86 bolesnika posle moždanog udara koji su regrutovani iz jedine ustanove za bolničku rehabilitaciju u zemlji. Bolesnici su nasumično raspoređeni u jednu od dve grupe: grupu koja je imala samo konvencionalnu rehabilitaciju (kontrolna grupa) ili grupu koja je uz konvencionalnu rehabilitaciju imala i program grupnih vežbi sa stolicama (testirana grupa). Metodologija je podrazumevala ispitivanje demografskih, anamnestičkih, anamnestičkih, kliničkih (procena ravnoteže primenom skale Berg Balance Scale – BBS) i funkcionalnih osobina (sposobnost hodanja i korišćenja stepenica). Procena je vršena na početku i nakon tronedeljne rehabilitacije. Rezultati. Svi učesnici su završili program vežbi. Prema BBS, ravnoteža je poboljšana u obe ispitivane grupe: za 3,16 ± 2,16 (t = -4,989; p = 0,001) u kontrolnoj grupi, i zа 8,33 ± 5,85 (t = -9,326; p = 0,001) u testiranoj grupi. U testiranoj grupi je utvrđeno značajno poboljšanje ravnoteže i sposobnosti hodanja u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu. Zaključak. Grupne vežbe sa stolicama su korisne u poboljšanju ravnoteže i rehabilitacije bolesnika posle moždanog udara.
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