Ispitivanje efikasnosti zdravstveno-vaspitnog programa u korigovanju stavova i ponašanja studenata stomatologije u oblasti oralnog zdravlja
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Nedovoljno se zna o uticaju kliničke obuke o oralnom zdravlju na ponašanje studenata stomatologije. Interesovanje za kvalitet oralnog zdravlja i težnja da se ono proceni, obezbedi, unapredi i poredi, stalno je u značajnom porastu. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita efikasnost zdravstveno-vaspitnog programa u korigovanju navika, stavova i ponašanja studenata stomatologije. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na Stomatološkom fakultetu u Pančevu. Prva etapa odnosila se na anketno istraživanje, merenje stanja oralnog zdravlja i implementaciju ciljane zdravstvene edukacije. Druga etapa sprovođena je nakon zdravstveno-vaspitne edukacije, kao anketno istraživanje promene stavova i ponašanja i kliničko merenje promena oralnog zdravlja. Uzorak istraživanja činilo je 65 studenata prve i 54 studenta četvrte godine, ukupno 119 studenata. Kao istraživački instrumenti definisani su: istraživački karton, anketni upitnici (originalni anketni upitnik i Hiroshima University Dental Behavioural Inventory – HU-DBI upitnik) i zdravstveno vaspitna intervencija za modelovanje faktora koji određuju stavove i ponašanje u odnosu na oralno zdravlje. Za procenu oralnog zdravlja i stanja tvrdih zubnih tkiva korišćen je Decayed-missing-filled (DMF) indeks. Rezultati. Na početku istraživanja pitali smo studente da li misle da je stanje njihovih usta i zuba dobro. Suprotno našem očekivanju, 15,4% studenata prve i 37% studenata četvrte godine nije znalo odgovor ili su smatrali da imaju problem. Pozitivno mišljenje o tome da jednom u šest meseci treba otići na kontrolu kod stomatologa imalo je 80% studenata prve i 85,2% studenata četvrte godine, a 7,7% studenata prve godine studija nije se sećalo poslednje posete stomatologu. Sprovedeni zdravstveno-vaspitni program doveo je, u izvesnoj meri, do poboljšanja u navikama, stavovima i ponašanju studenata u vezi sa oralnim zdravljem. Zaključak. Studenti stomatologije nemaju u dovoljnoj meri jasne stavove i bezbedno ponašanje u pogledu oralnog zdravlja. Ciljana zdravstveno-vaspitna edukacija predstavlja metod izbora za preuzimanje brige o sopstvenom zdravlju.
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