Povezanost strategija za prevazilaženje stresa i samohendikepirajućih strategija sa procesom promena ponašanja opijatskih zavisnika
Sažetak
Apstrakt
Uvod/Cilj. U tretmanu adiktivnog ponašanja koriste se strategije za prevazilaženje stresa – stress coping (SC), mada zavisnici često nastave sa samohendikepirajućim – self-hendikeping (SH) obrascem ponašanja, koji je u suprotnosti sa promenama problematičnog ponašanja. Cilj ove studije bio je da se ispitaju SC i SH strategije u odnosu na proces promene adiktivnog ponašanja. Metode. U deskriptivnoj kliničkoj studiji ispitan je uzorak od 200 konsekutivno regrutovanih bolesnika koji se nalaze na bolničkom tretmanu zbog opijatske zavisnosti. Za prikupljanje podataka primenjeni su: Opšti informativni upitnik, CSI- indikator coping strategija, SH- upitnik za procenu self-handicapping ponašanja i University Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) – upitnik za procenu procesa promena. Primenjen je Studentov t-test, koeficijent Pearsonove korelacije i multipla regresiona analiza. Korišćen je SPSS za Windows; vrednost p ≤ 0.05 je definisana kao statistički značajna. Rezultati. Zavisnici su najviše koristili strategiju izbegavanja, a manje socijalnu podršku i fokusiranje na problem. Od CS značajna povezanost je bila utvrđena samo između ponašanja izbegavanja i svih SH strategija (p ≤ 0.02). Sa procesom promene ponašanja jedino je socijalna podrška bila pozitivno povezana (p = 0.03; β = 0.35), dok su sa procesom promene obrnuto proporcionalno bili povezani fokusiranje na problem (p = 0.00, β = -0.44) i strategija internalizovanog hendikepa u sagledavanju sutuacije – IHI (p = 0.02; β = -0.54). Zaključak. Značajan pozitivan prediktor u procesu promena lečenih opijatskih zavisnika bila je strategija mobilizacije socijalne podrške, dok su negativni prediktori bili fokusiranje na problem i strategija internalizovanog hendikepa u sagledavanju situacije. Procena motivacije i prevazilaženje stresa bile bi veoma korisna u kreiranju poboljšanog tretmana zavisnika.
Reference
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