Faktori rizika od nastanka straha od pada kod starih osoba u Srbiji
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Nakon pada, stare osobe mogu da razviju strah od pada koji može biti učestaliji i ozbiljniji problem od pada jer postaje glavni faktor ograničavanja stare osobe u svakodnevnom funkcionisanju. Cilj ove studije bio je da se otkriju faktori rizika za nastanak straha od pada kod starih osoba u Srbiji koje žive u kući ili stanu u odnosu na istoriju pada u poslednjih godinu dana. Metode. Studija preseka sprovedena je na 400 osoba odabranih putem slučajnog uzorka iz registra Doma zdravlja Niš (164 muškaraca i 236 žena), prosečne starosti 75,04 godina (min. 65, maks. 94 godine) u periodu januar-jun 2014. godine. U istraživanju je korišćen: socio-demografski upitnik, Skrining test za pad kod starih osoba – Elderly Fall Screening Test (EFST), upitnik za procenu više faktora rizika za pad – Multi-factor Falls Questionnaire (MFQ), skala za procenu straha od pada – Falls Efficacy Scale International (FESI). Rezultati. Multivarijantnom binarnom logističkom regresijom kao značajni prediktori nastanka straha od pada izdvojili su se: ženski pol (OR = 2.599; p = 0.009), godine starosti od 75-79 (OR = 4.637; p = 0.009) i preko 80 godina (OR = 3.830; p = 0.001), porast broja članova domaćinstva (OR = 1.206; p = 0.033) osobe koje procenjuju svoje zdravlje kao prosečno (OR = 0.268; p < 0.001) i dobro (OR = 0.059; p < 0.001), broj padova veći od 2 (OR = 2.761; p = 0.003), prisutne povrede prilikom pada (OR = 2.483; p = 0.028), povremene i česte situacije „blizu” pada (OR = 3.830; p = 0.001), ograničenje aktivnosti (OR = 2.124; p = 0.007), problemi sa vidom (OR = 3.006; p < 0.001), kognitivni problemi (OR = 2.296; p = 0.005) i problemi sa ravnotežom (OR = 3.809; p < 0.001). Zaključak. Rezultati ove studije mogu da posluže za planirane promotivnih programa prevencije padova i straha od pada, a samim tim, i njihovih posledica.
Reference
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