Razumevanje i produkcija imenica i glagola kod dece govornika srpskog jezika
Sažetak
Uvod: Razumevanje i produkcija imenica i glagola imaju ključnu ulogu u daljem usvajanju jezika kod dece s obzirom na to da se javljaju kao prve reči u vokabularu i indikator su njihovog razvoja. Iako su jedna od često ispitivanih kategorija u jezicima širom sveta, oni i danas privlače pažnju s obzirom na njihov značaj u identifikaciji pojava i oblika u doživljaju i razvoju deteta. Cilj: U radu su predstavljeni rezultati istraživanja razumevanja i produkcije imenica i glagola kod predškolske dece govornika srpskog jezika. Metod: U istraživanju, uz korišćenje igračaka i slikovnica, na 523 učesnika predškolskog uzrasta testiran je efekat vrste reči, pola, socioekonomskih faktora i leksičke kategorije na razumevanje i produkciju jedne reči. Rezultati: Dobijeni su rezultati koji se uklapaju u dosad utvrđene pravilnosti i tendencije: devojčice su imale bolje rezultate nego dečaci, više obrazovanje oca i majke, viši stepen ekonomske razvijenosti oblasti i manja razlika lokalnog govora od standardnog govora imaju pozitivan uticaj na usvajanje jezika, a kompetencija je kod imenica bolja nego kod glagola. Zaključak: Dalja istraživanja trebalo bi da se fokusiraju na analizu manje frekventnih imenica i glagola kako bi se izbegao efekat plafona, ali i na doslednije balansiranje osobina stimulusa – pre svega kada je u pitanju konkretnost i apstraktnost (izborom apstraktnih imenica).
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