Biofungicid Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 u suzbijanju Hypomyces perniciosus (mokra trulež) u uslovima industrijske proizvodnje šampinjona
Sažetak
Cilj rada je bio da se ispita efikasnost biofungicida Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 u suzbijanju prirodne zaraze Hypomyces perniciosus (prouzrokovača bolesti mokre truleži) i njegovog uticaja na prinos u uslovima industrijske proizvodnje šampinjona (Agaricus bisporus). Biofungicid B. subtilis Ch-13 je bio primenjen u ukupnoj koncentraciji od 60 ml m-2 na dva različita načina: u tri (30 + 2 × 15 ml m-2) ili dve podeljene doze (2 × 30 ml m-2) u poređenju sa standardnom dozom primene fungicida prohloraza. Efikasnost biofungicida je bila značajno veća kada je primenjen u tri podeljene doze (28.7%), nego u dve (15.7%). Iako je uočena niska efikasnost B. subtilis Ch-13 (≈29%) u suzbijanju H. perniciosus u poređenju sa fungicidom prohlorazom (≈68%), simptomi mokre truleži su smanjeni u određenoj meri. Takođe, najveće povećanje prinosa šampinjona je postignuto kada je B. subtilis Ch-13 primenjen u tri podeljene doze (14%), umesto u dve (2%), u poređenju sa netretiranom kontrolom. Tri podeljene doze biofungicida B. subtilis Ch-13 su povećale prinos šampinjona 17%, a dve podeljene doze 4%, u poređenju sa fungicidom prohlorazom. Efikasnost biofungicida B. subtilis Ch-13 u suzbijanju prouzrokovača mokre truleži, kao i u povećanju prinosa šampinjona, bila je veća kada je primenjen u tri podeljene doze, umesto u dve. Dakle, preporučuje se primena biofungicida u tri podeljene doze (30 + 2 × 15 ml m-2, drugog dana i dve nedelje nakon pokrivanja i posle prve berbe) radi efikasnog suzbijanja H. perniciosus i povećanja proizvodnje šampinjona.
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