Delovanje bioinsekticida na neke biološke stadijume moljca Palpita unionalis Hb. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Sažetak
Ispitivano je delovanje šest bioinsekticida - Dipel 2x 6.4% WP (Bacillus thuringensis AI), Biofly 100% WP (Beauvaria bessiana AI), Radiant 12% SC (Saccharopolyspora spinosa AI), Mectin 1.8% EC (Streptomyces avermitilis AI), Nimbecidine 0.03% EC (Azadirachtin AI) i Bio-Power 50% EC (Beauvaria bessiana AI) - na jaja, larve i lutke moljca Palpita unionalis Hb. i njegovog parazitoida u laboratorijskim uslovima. Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da su svi testirani insekticidi imali ovicidno delovanje na P. unionalis. Mectin je bio najtoksičniji od ispitivanih insecticida u stadijumu jaja, a zatim Radiant i Dipel 2x, a respektivne vrednosti njihovih LC50 bile su 0,005 cm/l, 0,006 cm/l i 0,055 g/l. Dipel 2x je bio najtoksičniji za larve P. unionalis prvog stupnja, dok je Mectin bio najtoksičniji za larve drugog i trećeg stupnja. Takođe, rezultati su pokazali da je Mectin bio najefikasniji protiv stadijuma lutke, a za njim opadajućim redom Radiant i Dipel 2x. Indeks toksičnosti je pokazao visoku efikasnost Mectin-a na LC50 (100%) za jaja, larve drugog i trećeg stupnja, kao i lutke, dok je Dipel 2x pokazao visoku efikasnost na nivou LC50 (100%) samo za larve prvog stupnja. Podaci pokazuju da su procenti formiranja lutke i izlaska bili značajno različiti u svim tretmanima u poređenju sa kontrolom, dok su razlike bile bez značaja za deformisane lutke i malformacije odraslih jedinki kada je tretman insekticidima bio u petom stadijumu larve. Pored toga, izletanje adulta P. unionalis nakon tretiranja u stadijumu lutke zavisilo je od koncentracije, a značajne razlike su dobijene između tretmana insekticidima i kontrole. Mectin, Radiant i Dipel 2x su imali najjači efekat na izletanje adulta i procenat malformacija kod adulta. Što se tiče toksičnosti insekticida za endoparazitoid A. syleptae, tretirane lutke razvile su se u stadijum odraslih jedinki bez značajnih razlika u poređenju sa kontrolom. Takođe, životni vek adulta tog parazitoida nije se razlikovao između tretmana insekticidima i kontrole.
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