Dijagnostika i lečenje COVID–19 u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti

Darinka Punoševac

doi:10.5937/opmed28-34491

Darinka Punoševac

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/opmed28-34491

Ključne reči: COVID-19, primarna zdravstvena zaštita, lečenje

Sažetak

Pandemija COVID-19 izazvana je virusom SARSCov-
2 i najpre se pojavila u gradu Vuhan, u Kini, u decembru
2019. U Domu zdravlja, Kruševac Ambulanta za respiratorne
infekcije osnovana je 24. marta 2020. U njoj je do sada obavljeno
blizu 100.000 pregleda.
Među ljudima se virus prenosi kapljičnim putem ili,
ređe, prljavim rukama i ulazno mesto su sluznice nosa, usta,
očiju.
Infekcija se odvija u dva stadijuma. Prvi, u gornjem
respiratornom traktu (GRT) i traje 5-7 dana i drugi, kada se
virus spušta na pluća i zatim daje sistemsku upalu, pre svega
krvnih sudova.
Dijagnoza se postavlja na osnovu anamneze, kliničke
slike, fizikalnog pregleda, specifičnih virusnih testova, laboratorijskih
analiza i eventualno, rendgen snimanja pluća.
Terapija je uglavnom simptomatska, a od marta 2021.
godine dostupan nam je antivirotik favipiravir, dok se u januaru
2022. pojavio i molnupiravir. Kod pojave upale pluća
oralni kortikosteroidi su dali dobre rezultate.
Primarna zdravstvena zaštita je, i ovog puta, bila brana
ka sekundarnom i tercijarnom nivou zdravstvene zaštite. Kao
i naše kolege u svetu, učili smo u hodu i taj proces traje i
dalje. Prokužavanje većeg broja ljudi bilo prirodnim zaražavanjem,
ili vakcinacijom vremenom će dovesti do završetka
pandemije, koja će verovatno postati sezonska infekcija, ali
sa mnogo blažom kliničkom slikom.

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