Hirurško lečenje hipertireoidizma – iskustvo Odeljenja endokrine hirurgije UKC Kragujevac
Sažetak
Uvod: Hipertireoidizam predstavlja značajni endokrini problem, a među najčešćim uzrocima su Grejvsova bolest (GD), toksična polinodozna struma (TPN) i toksični adenom (TA). Hirurško lečenje ima posebno mesto u terapijskom algoritmu, naročito u situacijama kada su lekovi ili terapija radioaktivnim jodom kontraindikovani ili neefikasni.
Cilj: prikazati iskustvo odeljenja endokrine hirurgije UKC Kragujevac u hirurškom lečenju hipertireoidizma u periodu 2018-2024 godine.
Materijal i metode: Retrospektivna analiza 188 pacijenata operisanih zbog hipertireoidizma, ukupno 480 operisanih zbog bolesti štitaste žlezde u šestogodišnjem periodu. Analizirani su tip dijagnoze, vrsta operacije, demografski podaci, incidenca karcinoma na definitivnim patohistološkim nalazima i komplikacije.
Rezultati: Od 188 operisanih pacijenata: GD n=62, TPN n=65, TA n=61. Kod GD totalnih tireoidektomija je izvedeno kod 55 pacijenata, a near total tireoidektomija kod 7. Kod TPN totalnih tireoidektomija kod 60, a near total tireoidektomija kod 5. Kod TA, kod svih 61pacijenta izvedena je lobektomija. Prosečne starosne dobi : GD 48.6 god. TPN 58.3 god, TA 46.5 god. Odnos žene muškarci – GD 5:1, TPN 4:1, TA 4:1. Mikropapilarni karcinom štitaste žlezde otkriven je kod 1 pacijenta sa GD, 5 pacijenata sa TPN i 2 pacijenta sa TA. Komplikacije su zabeležene kod : serom 8 pacijenata, hematom 4 pacijenta, trajna paraliza n. rekurensa 2, privremena paraliza n. rekurensa 5, privremena hipokalcemija kod 14 pacijenata.
Zaključak: Hirurško lečenje hipertireoidizma u našem centru je pokazalo dobre rezultate i nisku stopu ozbiljnih komplikacija. Rezultati su u skladu sa savremenom literaturom i potvrđuju da operacija ostaje važna terapijska opcija u odgovarajućim indikacijama.
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