Glikozilirani hemoglobin A1c i albuminurija kod pacijenata sa tip 2 dijabetesom u Republici Srpskoj: studija presjeka
Sažetak
Uvod/cilj: Glikozilirani hemoglobin (HbA1c) je trenutno zlatni standard za praćenje glikoregulacije kod pacijenata sa dijabetesom. Cilj našeg istraživanja je bio da se ispita da li je postignut cilj u pogledu kontrole glikemije kod bolesnika sa tip 2 dijabetesom u Republici Srpskoj u sklasu sa međunarodnim smernicama i da li neregulisana glikemija utiče na pojavu perzistentne albuminurije i poremećaj lipidnog statusa kod osoba sa tip 2 dijabetsnom.
Metode: Analizirani uzorak su činili pacijenti sa tip 2 dijabetesom koji su bili uključeni u projekat pod nazivom ''Procena kvaliteta glikoregulacije i prisustva vaskularnih komplikacija u osoba sa šećernom bolešću u Republici Srpskoj ”. Istraživanje je provedeno kao studija preseka u 2013/2014, sa učešćem 1037 pacijenata. Za merenje HbA1c je korišten imunoinhibicijski test, Roche Diagnostics. Ukupni holesterol, trigliceridi, LDL-C i HDL-C izmereni su reagensima Roche Diagnostics (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Nemačka) kao i albumin i kreatinina u urinu.
Rezultati: Srednja vrednost za HbA1c bila je 7,35 ± 1,61% (57 ± 18 mmol / mol). Od svih ispitanika samo 49,46% je postiglo ciljne vrednosti HbA1c (<7% ili 53 mmol / mol), a 40,30% imalo je normoalbuminuriju, odnosno, odnos albumina i kreatinina (ACR) u urinu <30 mg / g. Kada su pacijenti podeljeni prema HbA1c (s HbA1c <7% i HbA1c> 7.0%) dobijena je značajna razlika u ACR vrednostima (39.00 vs 79.50, p <0.001), ali nije pronađena značajna razlika između ove dve grupe pacijenata u odnosu na lipidni status.
Zaključak: Kod osoba sa tip 2 dijabetesom, u Republici Srpskoj, u velikom procentu nisu postignute ciljne vrednosti glikemije. Naši rezultati ukazuju na neophodne dodatne mere kojima bi se postigli ciljevi međunarodnih i lokalnih smernica, a kojima bi se smanjile učestale komplikacije tip 2dijabetesa.
Ključne reči: tip 2 dijabetes, HbA1c, albuminurija, lipidi.
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