Socijalna kognicija kod odraslih osoba s lakom intelektualnom ometenošću, dualnim dijagnozama i osoba tipičnog razvoja
Sažetak
Uvod: Socijalna kognicija je multidimenzionalni konstrukt koji obuhvata kognitivne procese višeg reda koji se koriste za obradu i tumačenje socijalnih informacija i uspješnu komunikaciju sa drugim osobama. Ovi procesi uključuju kognitivnu teoriju uma, afektivnu teoriju uma, razumijevanje socijalnih normi, moralno rasuđivanje i empatiju. Cilj: Cilj našeg istraživanja je da se utvrde razlike u socijalnoj kogniciji kod odraslih osoba sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću, dualnim dijagnozama i osoba tipičnog razvoja, ujednačenih prema hronološkom uzrastu, te da se utvrdi veza između starosti, pola i sposobnosti socijalne kognicije u sve tri ispitivane grupe. Metode: Našim istraživanjem obuhvaćeno je 122 ispitanika, od kojih 32 ispitanika sa intelektualnom ometenošću, 30 ispitanika sa dualnim dijagnozama i 60 odraslih ispitanika tipičnog razvoja. Za procjenu socijalne kognicije korišćen je Edinburški test socijalne kognicije, dok je za potvrđivanje prisustva psihijatrijskih simptoma korištena Mini skala psihijatrijske procjene odraslih osoba sa razvojnim poremećajima, MINI PAS – ADD. Rezultati: Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da odrasle osobe sa intelektualnom ometenošću imaju bolje performanse socijalne kognicije od osoba sa dualnim dijagnozama, ali slabije od odraslih osoba tipičnog razvoja. Takođe, istraživanje je pokazalo da u poduzorku ispitanika tipičnog razvoja ove sposobnosti opadaju starenjem, kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću sa godinama opadaju sposobnosti afektivne teorije uma, dok kod osoba sa dualnim dijagnozama nije utvrđena statistički značajna povezanost sa starošću ispitanika. Nije utvrđena značajna veza između pola i socijalne kognicije. Zaključak: Utvrđivanjem razvijenosti socijalne kognicije kod odraslih osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću i dualnim dijagnozama dobijamo uvid u njihovo adaptivno funkcionisanje u svakodnevnim socijalnim interakcijama.
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