Od kolektivnog sećanja na Drugi svetski rat do kapitala istorijskog sećanja: transformacija kulture sećanja u svesti ruskih studenata
Sažetak
Rad je posvećen proučavanju kulture sećanja u Rusiji. U njemu su predstavljeni rezultati sociološkog istraživanja dinamike istorijskog sećanja na Drugi svetski rat u svesti ruskih studenata. Istraživanje se zasniva na podacima monitoringa Ruskog sociološkog društva, koji je sproveden od 2005. do 2025. godine. Uzorak iz 2025. godine obuhvata 19.236 studenata sa 82 univerziteta. Članak pokazuje da razumevanje sećanja na pobedu u ovom ratu kao kapitala daje tom sećanju društveno značenje i važnost. Takva interpretacija formira osećaj korisnosti kod subjekta, aktualizuje iskustvo prošlosti i proširuje mogućnosti u sadašnjosti i budućnosti, čuvajući kulturu sećanja nacije. U radu se takođe pokazuje nedoslednost patriotskog percipiranja istorije rata kod ruskih studenata – rast interesovanja za ove događaje uz očuvanje „deformacije sećanja“ koji se pojavio 90-ih godina 20. veka.
Reference
Assmann, A. (2018). Forms of Forgetting. Beograd: Clio. [In Serbian]
Assmann, Ј. (2005). Cultural Memory. Zenica: Vrijeme. [In Serbian]
Boykov, V. E., Merkushin, V. I. (2003). Historical consciousness in modern Russian society: state and trends of formation. Sociology of Power, 2, 5–22. [In Russian]
Božić Marojević, M. (2022). Remembering Contested Legacies of the Pastor When the Culture of Remembrance Gives Way to the Cancel Culture. Zbornik radova Filozofskog fakulteta u Prištini, 52 (4), 259–275. https://doi.org/10.5937/zrffp52-38747 [In Serbian]
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 02.07.2021 No. 400 “On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation”. Part IV. Available at: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_389271/1e2b5c5fc29c839c457c3d876e9cc7b475bc7d45 [In Russian]
Drobizheva, L. M. (2018). Civil Russian identity: dynamics and potential in the consolidation of a multi-ethnic society. Ethnic and religious diversity of Russia. IEA RAN. [In Russian]
Fundamentals of Patriotic Education of Citizens of the Russian Federation: Methodological Recommendations. (2022). Moscow: Rosmolodezh; Russian Centre for Civic and Patriotic Education of Children and Youth. [In Russian]
Fyodorov, A. B., Golyadkin, G. N. (2020). World War II in the doodle mirror of Western historiography. Bulletin of St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2 (86), 57–64. [In Russian]
Gorshkov, M. K., Sheregi, F. E. (2019). Russian youth in the context of sociological analysis. Moscow: Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. https://doi. org/10.19181/monogr.978-5-89697-317-1 [In Russian]
Halbwachs, M. (2007). Social Framework of Memory. New Publishing House.
Halbwachs, M. (1992). On Collective Memory. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
Kiknadze, V. G. (2022). “The power of the truth” Defending history as a strategic priority of ensuring Russia’s national security. Military History Journal, 9, 4–15. [In Russian]
Kuljić, T. (2006). Memory Culture: Theoretical explanations of the use of the past. Beograd: Čigoja štampa. [In Serbian]
Lest we forget. Results of the study by the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Centre. Available at: https://wciom.ru/analytical-reviews/analiticheskii-obzor/chtoby-pomnili [In Russian]
Mararitsa, L. V., Kazantseva T. V., Pochebut L. G., Sventsitskiy A. L. (2018). The contribution of the individual to the group’s social capital: the structure of altruistic investment. Social Psychology and Society, 9 (1), 43–66. https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2018090104 [In Russian]
Marmazova, T. I., Fomenko, M. V. (2021). Attempts to falsify history in the fight against Russia: reassessment of the results of the World War II. Modern scientific thought, 2, 95–99. https://doi.org/10.24412/2308-264X-2021-2-95-99 [In Russian]
Mersiyanova, I. V., Ivanova, N. V. (2021). Is it difficult or easy to be an engaged citizen during a pandemic outbreak? Monitoring of public opinion: economic and social changes, 2, 340–361. https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2021.2.1705
Modern Russian students: historical memory of the Great Patriotic War and the formation of patriotism and citizenship (2011). Еdited by Yu. R. Vishnevsky. UrFU. [In Russian]
Patriotism and patriots. Should everyone be a patriot? Results of the study by the Public Opinion Foundation. Available at: https://fom.ru/TSennosti/14882 [In Russian]
Ponomareva, E. G. (2020). The World War II and its falsification in the Russian youth representation. RUDN Journal of Sociology, 20 (2), 307–322. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2020-20-2-307-322 [In Russian]
Romanova, K. S. (2017). Discourses of historical memory (continued). Scientific journal “Discourse-Pi”, 1, 36–42. [In Russian]
Romanovsky N. V. (2013). New in sociology – “memory boom”. In: Zh. T. Toshchenko, New ideas in sociology. UNITY-DATA. [In Russian]
Shevchenko, O. M. (2022). Historical Memory in the Consolidation of Russian Society: Constructive and Destructive Potential. Global Conflict and the Outlines of the New World Order: XX International Likhachev Scientific Readings, June 9–10, 2022. St. Petersburg: SPbGUP [In Russian]
Shirokalova, G. S. (2021). Historical memory of the great patriotic war: reasons for plu-ralism. Bulletin of the Institute of Sociology, 12 (2), 19–35. https://doi.org/10.19181/vis.2021.12.2.709 [In Russian]
Smith, A. (2010). National Identity. Beograd: Biblioteka XX vek; Krug. [In Serbian]
Thank you, great-grandfather, for the Victory...: a monograph based on the materials of the monitoring “Russian students about the Great Patriotic War” (2020). Ed. Yu. R. Vishnevsky. Ural University Publishing House. [In Russian]
The Constitution of the Russian Federation (adopted by popular vote on 12.12.1993 with amendments approved during the all-Russian vote on 01.07.2020. Article 67.1). Available at: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_28399/95c44edbe33a9a2c1d5b4030c70b6e046060b0e8/ [In Russian]
The war was the day before yesterday... Russian students about the Great Patriotic War: materials of the monitoring “Modern Russian students about the Great Patriotic War” (2015). Edited by Yu. R. Vishnevsky. Ural University Publishing House. [In Russian]
Toshchenko, Zh. T. (2020). What happens to the historical memory of the Great Patriotic War? Sociological Studies, No. 5, 18–22. DOI: 10.31857/S013216250009419-3 [In Russian]
Toshchenko, Zh. T. (2001) Paradoxical Man. Gardariki.
Vučković, B. B. (2024). Forms of coerced forgetting as a function of identity change in Kosovo and Metohija. Sociološki pregled, 58 (4), 1086–1113. https://doi.org/10.5937/socpreg58-52373
Vučković, B. B. (2022). Changing the carriers of cultural memory through the prism of Debray’s mediological theory. Sociološki pregled, 56 (1), 141–164. https://doi.org/10.5937/socpreg56-36662
Zenkin, S. N. (2007). Maurice Halbwachs and modern humanities. In: M. Halbwachs, Social framework of memory. Moscow. [In Russian]
Sva prava zadržana (c) 2026 Sociološki pregled
Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Deli pod istim uslovima 4.0 međunarodnom licencom.