Primena principa TESOL 6 Principles for Exemplary Teaching of Young English Learners: pregled skorijih istraživanja u Srbiji
Sažetak
Nastava engleskog kao stranog jezika na sve mlađem uzrastu predstavlja rastući trend u 21. veku. S obzirom na ubrzan razvoj tehnologije i brze promene u svetu, nastava i rano učenje stranog jezika doživeli su veliku promenu paradigme koja naglašava postmetodsku pedagogiju, višejezičnost, višepismenost, pristup usmeren na celovit razvoj deteta, integrisani nastavni plan i program, interkulturalnu komunikaciju, i primenu brojnih inovativnih pristupa koji mogu pripremiti decu da budu uspešna kao građani sveta u neizvesnoj budućnosti. Cilj rada bio je da se utvrdi kako je kontekst nastave i učenja engleskog jezika na ranom uzrastu u Srbiji reagovao na promenu paradigme. Sproveli smo metastudiju skorijih istraživanja nastave i ranog učenja stranog jezika u Srbiji i analizirali rezultate studija u odnosu na okvir koji daje TESOL asocijacija u svojim principima The 6 Principles for Exemplary Teaching of English Learners (The 6 Principles), skupu sveobuhvatnih globalnih smernica za premošćivanje jaza između izazova koje postavlja nova paradigma, sa jedne strane, i visokokvalitetne nastave stranog jezika, sa druge strane. Naša metastudija je obuhvatila 29 empirijskih istraživanja sprovedenih u Srbiji i objavljenih na engleskom jeziku u poslednjih 10 godina. Rezultati su pokazali da su sve studije bile teorijski utemeljene, bavile su se nastavom i učenjem engleskog jezika na predškolskom (2 studije) i osnovnoškolskom (27 studija) uzrastu, većina se bavila stavovima i kompetencijama nastavnika, manji broj je istraživao veštine i stavove učenika, dok su samo dve studije bile usmerene na stavove i nastavnika i učenika. Naša metastudija je pokazala da su zahtevi postavljeni u The 6 Principles delimično ispunjeni u nastavi engleskog jezika na mlađem uzrastu u Srbiji, ali i da su neki veliki koraci već napravljeni u tom pravcu. Predlažu se implikacije za obrazovanje i stručno usavršavanje nastavnika stranog jezika, kao i oblasti koje bi buduće studije trebalo da istraže.
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