Prevalenca i prediktori Helicobacter pylori infekcije u pacijenata sa dispepsijom i njihova povezanost sa ishodom lečenja

Sažetak

Abstract

Introduction:  Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most common infectious diseases and an established risk factor for gastric cancer. Alongside dyspepsia, it represents a rising global medical burden. Treatment failure of H. pylori infection eradication imposed an imperative to determine risk factors and potential predictors that can be related to its prevalence and  treatment outcome.

Aim: Our aim was to assess the prevalence and potential predictors of H. pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia, most prescribed treatment regimens and their effectiveness.

Material and methods: A retrospective study including 324 patients with dyspeptic symptoms, who presented at the gastroenterology outpatient unit of the University Clinical Center of Serbia, was conducted. H. pylori diagnosis was made following upper endoscopy and histology. Socio-epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data was analyzed.

Results: The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection in dyspeptic patients was 19.7%. Hematological comorbidities were found to be more common in H. pylori positive patients as compared to the overall sample (15.6% vs 8.1 %, p<0.01), with total iron binding capacity (TIBC) levels significantly correlating to H. pylori positivity (p<0.05). Duodenitis (37.5% vs. 26%, p< 0,01), superficial chronic gastritis (71.9% vs. 25%, p< 0,01), and nonspecific inflammation (73.4% vs 58.9%, p= 0,01) were significant predictors of H. pylori infection. Overall H. pylori eradication rate was 88.4%. Most commonly prescribed regimen was quadruple clarithromycin/ amoxicillin/ metronidazole therapy (45%) while pantoprazole was the most prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Conclusions: The prevalence of H. pylori infection was relatively low. Anemia, appearance of duodenitis, chronic superficial gastritis and nonspecific inflammation on gastric mucosa were found to be significant predictors of H. pylori infection. Overall eradication rate was satisfactory with quadruple therapies options being the most prescribed regimens.