STUDIJA PREVALENCIJE BOLNIČKIH INFEKCIJA U USTANOVI TERCIJARNOG NIVOA ZDRAVSTVENE ZAŠTITE

Studija prevalencije bolničkih infekcija

  • Zorana Djordjevic Univerzitetski klinički centar Kragujevac, Odsek za kontrolu bolničkih infekcija, Kragujevac, Srbija
  • Tijana Marković Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Odsek farmacije, Kragujevac, Srbija
  • Milica Stojković Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Odsek farmacije, Kragujevac, Srbija; Univerzitetski klinički centar Kragujevac, Odeljenje za mikrobiologiju, Kragujevac, Srbija
  • Ivana Petrović Univerzitetski klinički centar Kragujevac, Odeljenje za mikrobiologiju, Kragujevac, Srbija
  • Sanja Zornić Univerzitetski klinički centar Kragujevac, Odeljenje za mikrobiologiju, Kragujevac, Srbija
  • Ljiljana Marković Denić Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd, Srbija; Kliničko bolnički centar Bežanijska kosa, Odeljenje za prevenciju bolničkih infekcija, Beograd, Srbija
  • Violeta Rakić Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr Milan Jovanović Batut“, Centar za kontrolu i prvenciju bolesti, Beograd, Srbije
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/mckg58-55078
Ključne reči: bolničke infekcije, tercijarna ustanova, uzročnici bolničkih infekcija, studija prevalencije

Sažetak


Bolničke infekcije (BI) predstavljaju veliki izazov zdravstvenim sistemima jer dovode do povećanja morbiditeta, produžetka hosptalizacije sa neizvesnim ishodom i povećanja troškova lečenja.

            Cilj studije: je sagledavanje situacije u pogledu BI u ustanovi tercijarnog nivoa zdravstvene zaštite.

             Metode: Studija prevalencije BI sprovedena je u Univerzitetskom kliničkom centru Kragujevac (Srbija) tokom novembra 2022. godine u okviru nacionalne studije. Prema metodu Evropskog centar za prevenciju i kontrolu bolesti, obučeni timovi su prikupili podatke o pacijentima koji su primljeni pre 8 časova ujutru na svim odeljenjima bolnice. Analizirane su varijable na nivou odeljenja i pacijenta.

Rezultati: U studiju je uključeno 567 pacijenata, a prevalencija pacijanata sa najmanje jednom BI iznosila je 8,3%, a prevalencija svih BI 8,6%. Najviše prevalencije bile su u jedinicama intenzivnog lečenja za odrasle (34,6%) i pedijatrijske/neonatološke (21,2%). Najčešće su registrovane pneumonije (32,7%), zatim infekcije mokraćnog sistema (28,6), dok su infekcije operativnog mesta i infekcije krvi bile podjednako zastupljene (16,3%). Među 50 izolata bakterija, 24 (48,0%) su bile bakterije iz reda Enterobacterales, slede gram negativni nefermentativni bacili sa 24% (Acinetobacter spp. 14 i Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5 izolata), a 9 (18%) izolata pripadalo je Gram pozitivnim kokama. Izolovani patogeni su pokazali visok stepen rezistencije na ispitivane antibiotike. Multivarijantna logistička regresija identifikovala je sledeće nezavisne faktore rizika za nastanak BI: produženi boravak u bolnici, lošiji McCabe skor, intubaciju pacijanata i primenu antimikrobnih lekova.

Zaključak: Studija prevalencije je omogućila brzo sagledavanje osnovnih epidemioloških karakteristika BI u našoj bolnici i pružila je pomoć u definisanju prioriteta za preduzimanje odgovarajućih mera prevencije.

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Objavljeno
2025/02/06
Broj časopisa
Vol. 58 Br. 2 (2024): MEDICINSKI ČASOPIS
Rubrika
Originalni naučni članak