Correlation analysis of serum FGF21 and TSP2 levels in the prognosis of elderly patients with chronic heart failure

Serum FGF21 and TSP2 in the prognosis of CHF

Abstract

Objective:

Explore the connection between serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and platelet response protein 2 (TSP2) and the prognosis of older people with chronic heart failure. Also, look at how useful it is to detect these two markers together in predicting clinical prognosis to provide a theoretical basis for risk stratification and personalized treatment of chronic heart failure.

Method:

A prospective cohort study design was adopted. Included were 210 senior patients (65 years of age or older) with chronic heart failure who were hospitalized to the cardiology department of a particular hospital. Based on the patients' serum levels of TSP2 and FGF21. Low FGF21 and low TSP2 groups, low FGF21 and high TSP2 groups, high FGF21 and low TSP2 groups, and high FGF21 and high TSP2 groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the patients' serum levels of FGF21 and TSP2. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), such as worsening heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality, were documented over the two-year follow-up period for each patient. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was created to assess the predictive value after the association between blood FGF21 and TSP2 levels and prognosis was examined using a Cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results:

Elderly patients with chronic heart failure had significantly higher serum levels of FGF21 and TSP2, which were positively linked with the NYHA cardiac function classification (P < 0.05). The high FGF21 and high TSP2 groups had a considerably higher incidence of MACEs than the other three groups (P < 0.05). Serum FGF21 and TSP2 levels were found to be independent indicators of outcome in older individuals with chronic heart failure by multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.45–3.82, P < 0.01; HR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.24–3.25, P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting the occurrence of MACEs by the combined detection of serum FGF21 and TSP2 was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.79–0.82), which was significantly better than that of single marker detection (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The prognosis and cardiac function status of elderly patients with chronic heart failure are strongly correlated with serum levels of FGF21 and TSP2. In addition to being a crucial biomarker for risk assessment and tailored care of older individuals with chronic heart failure, combined detection can improve the predictive value for adverse cardiovascular events in these patients.