SCORE2-Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk: Insights from Traditional and Non-Traditional Biomarkers

  • Aleksandra Klisic
  • Batric Babovic Department for Internal Medicine, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
  • Neda Milinkovic Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Paschalis Karakasis Second Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “Hippokration”, Greece
  • Filiz Mercantepe Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/jomb0-66209
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, SCORE2-Diabetes, cardiovascular risk, biomarkers

Abstract


Background: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the major cause of death in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The SCORE2-Diabetes is a recently developed algorithm that improves CV risk assessment in patients with T2DM. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between SCORE2-Diabetes and clinical and biochemical parameters in individuals with T2DM.

Methods: A total of 106 T2DM patients were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. SCORE2-Diabetes (%) was calculated, and associations with clinical and biochemical parameters were analyzed using correlation and logistic regression analysis.

Results: In multivariate logistic regression analysis, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03–1.13, p=0.001), urinary albumin excretion (UAE) (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.01, p=0.023), and triglycerides (TG) (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.12–7.57, p=0.028) were independently correlated with SCORE2-Diabetes. ROC analysis showed high diagnostic accuracy for UAE (AUC=0.894) and RBP4 (AUC=0.871), while TG showed moderate accuracy (AUC=0.713) for identifying patients with high cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE2-Diabetes.

Conclusions: Elevated RBP4 and UAE are independently associated increased SCORE2-Diabetes risk. Incorporation of these biomarkers might refine cardiovascular risk stratification in T2DM, and enable early intervention. Prospective studies are needed to confirm such results and assess therapeutic implications.

Published
2026/05/19
Issue
Ahead of print
Section
Original paper

Copyright (c) 2026 Aleksandra Klisic, Batric Babovic, Neda Milinkovic, Paschalis Karakasis, Filiz Mercantepe

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