Uloga reikija u prevenciji sindroma sagorevanja kod zdravstvenih radnika

Veroslava Stanković; Dragana Jović

doi:10.5937/erhs4-64100

Veroslava Stanković Akademija strukovnih studija Beograd, Odsek Visoka zdravstvena škola Zemun, Srbija
Dragana Jović Institut za javno zdravlje „Dr Milan Jobanović Batut“, Beograd, Srbija https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3241-6230

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/erhs4-64100

Ključne reči: sindrom sagorevanja, Reiki, profesionalni stres, integrativna medicina, zdravstveni radnici

Sažetak

Sindrom sagorevanja (burnout) predstavlja značajan izazov u savremenom radnom okruženju, naročito u zdravstvenim i pomagačkim profesijama, koje se odlikuju visokim stepenom emocionalne uključenosti, odgovornosti i hronične izloženosti stresu. Prema definiciji Svetske zdravstvene organizacije, sagorevanje se opisuje kao profesionalni fenomen koji nastaje kao posledica dugotrajnog stresa na radnom mestu koji nije uspešno prevaziđen, a ispoljava se kroz emocionalnu iscrpljenost, depersonalizaciju i smanjen osećaj profesionalne efikasnosti. S obzirom na ograničenja isključivo konvencionalnih pristupa prevenciji, sve veća pažnja usmerava se ka integrativnim i komplementarnim intervencijama koje imaju za cilj psihofiziološku regulaciju stresa. Cilj ovog preglednog rada bio je da se, na osnovu analize dostupne naučne literature, ispita uloga Reikija kao komplementarne terapijske metode u prevenciji sindroma sagorevanja kod zdravstvenih radnika i zdravstvenih saradnika. Rad se zasniva na sveobuhvatnom pregledu relevantnih međunarodnih i nacionalnih studija objavljenih u periodu od 2000. do 2025. godine, uz kvalitativnu sintezu teorijskih modela sindroma sagorevanja, principa Reiki prakse i empirijskih nalaza o njenim efektima. Rezultati pregleda literature ukazuju na to da Reiki može doprineti smanjenju percipiranog stresa, emocionalne iscrpljenosti i anksioznosti, kao i unapređenju subjektivnog blagostanja i profesionalnog funkcionisanja. Pojedine studije takođe beleže povoljne promene u fiziološkim markerima stresa, uključujući varijabilnost srčanog ritma, nivo kortizola i imunološke parametre. Iako su u postojećim istraživanjima prisutna određena metodološka ograničenja, doslednost nalaza sugeriše da Reiki može imati značajnu ulogu kao dopunska strategija u okviru integrativnih programa usmerenih ka prevenciji sindroma sagorevanja.

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