Uloga prava intelektualne svojine i sigurnosnih karakteristika pakovanja u prevenciji falsifikovanih lekova
Sažetak
Brzi rast falsifikovanih lekova u poslednje dve decenije stvorio je jedan od najvećih problema sa kojima se susreće farmaceutska industrija na globalnom nivou, što dovodi do gubitka prihoda, povlačenje proizvoda, gubitak vrednosti brenda itd. Međutim, ovo nije samo problem prava intelektualne svojine farmaceutske industrije, već je isto tako i problem regulatornih organa, čija najznačajnija obaveza je rizik javnog zdravlja. Proizvođači farmaceutskih proizvoda, zajedno sa distributerima, imaju bitnu ulogu u borbi protiv falsifikovanih lekova primenom različitih anti-falsifikovanih tehnologija za obezbeđenje lanca snabdevanja lekovima. Zaštita pakovanja lekova ima i specifičnu ulogu u procesu ravoja lekova, kao i u borbi protiv falsifikovanih lekova. Autentičnost leka i forenzičkih elemenata za zaštitu pakovanja mogu se potvrditi upotrebom različitih tehnologija. Praćenje i pronalaženje farmaceutskih proizvoda u lancu snabdevanja , vođenje elektronske evidencije svih faza distribucije i provera autentučnosti leka je ključni element i efikasno rešenje za pravovremeno otkrivanje falsifikovanih lekova i zaštite prava intelektualne svojine.
Reference
OECD. Trade in Counterfeit Pharmaceutical Products. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2020. (Illicit Trade).
Clark F. Rise in online pharmacies sees counterfeit drugs go global. Vol. 386, The Lancet. Lancet Publishing Group; 2015. p. 1327–8.
Council of Europe. Ad hoc group on counterfeit medicines (P-SP-PH/CMED) national and international co-operation to combat counterfeiting of medicines and pharmaceutical crimes: a model for a network and single points of contact (spocs). Brussels; 2013.
World Health Organization (WHO). Counterfeit Drugs: Guidelines for the Development of Measures to Combat Counterfeit Drugs. Geneva; 1999.
World Health Organization (WHO). Conclusions and recommendations of the who international conference on combating countefeit medicines, Declaration of Rome. Rome; 2006 Feb.
Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). Falsified Medical Products Strategy 2012-2015. London; 2012.
Wijnberg B. Counterfeiting of medical products and similar crimes (‘medicrime’). Strasbourg: Council Of Europe; 2013.
Council of Europe. DIRECTIVE 2011/62/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 8 June 2011 amending Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use, as regards the prevention of the entry into the legal supply chain of falsi. Brussels; 2011.
European Commision. Falsified medicines | Public Health [Internet].
European Commision. COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2016/ 161 - of 2 October 2015 - supplementing Directive 2001/ 83/ EC of the European Parliament and of the Council by laying down detailed rules for the safety features appearing on the packaging of medicinal products for human use. Brussels; 2016.
Nath Saha C, Bhattacharya S. Intellectual property rights: An overview and implications in pharmaceutical industry. Vol. 2, Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research. Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications; 2011. p. 88–93.
Cockburn I, Long G. The importance of patents to innovation: updated cross-industry comparisons with biopharmaceuticals. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2015;25:739–42.
Wouters OJ, Kanavos PG, Mckee MARTIN. Comparing Generic Drug Markets in Europe and the United States: Prices, Volumes, and Spending. Milbank Q. 2017;95:554–601.
Kortum P, Edwards C, Richards-Kortum R. The impact of inaccurate Internet health information in a secondary school learning environment. J Med Internet Res. 2008;10.
Bauer EJ. Pharmaceutical packaging handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2016. 1–585 p.
World Health Organization (WHO). Annex 9 Guidelines on packaging for pharmaceutical products. Geneva; 2002.
Agrawal Y, Shah R, Prajapati P. Anticounterfeit packaging technologies. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2010;1:368.
Davison M. Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting: Combating the Real Danger from Fake Drugs. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons; 2011.
Zadbuke N, Shahi S, Gulecha B, Padalkar A, Thube M. Recent trends and future of pharmaceutical packaging technology. Vol. 5, Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences. Wolters Kluwer -- Medknow Publications; 2013. p. 98–110.
Imlau M, Fally M, Coufal† H, Burr G, Sincerbox G. Holography and Optical Storage. Springer Handbook of Lasers and Optics. Springer New York; 2007. p. 1205–49.
Thermochromic Ink Ensures Safety of Pharmaceutical Products [Internet].
Jallouli Y, Paillard A, Chang J, Sevin E, Betbeder D. Influence of surface charge and inner composition of porous nanoparticles to cross blood–brain barrier in vitro. Int J Pharm. 2007;344:103–9.
Therapeutic Goods Administration. Code of Practice for the Tamper-Evident Packaging (TEP) of Therapeutic Goods Published on behalf of the Industry Government Crisis Management Committee (IGCMC) About the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). Woden; 2003.
Kovacs S, Hawes SE, Maley SN, Mosites E, Wong L, Stergachis A. Technologies for Detecting Falsified and Substandard Drugs in Low and Middle-Income Countries. Sullivan DJ, editor. PLoS One. 2014;9:e90601.
- Autori zadržavaju autorska prava i pružaju časopisu pravo prvog objavljivanja rada i licenciraju ga "Creative Commons Attribution licencom" koja omogućava drugima da dele rad, uz uslov navođenja autorstva i izvornog objavljivanja u ovom časopisu.
- Autori mogu izraditi zasebne, ugovorne aranžmane za neekskluzivnu distribuciju članka objavljenog u časopisu (npr. postavljanje u institucionalni repozitorijum ili objavljivanje u knjizi), uz navođenje da je članak izvorno objavljen u ovom časopisu.
- Autorima je dozvoljeno i podstiču se da postave objavljeni članak onlajn (npr. u institucionalni repozitorijum ili na svoju internet stranicu) pre ili tokom postupka prijave rukopisa, s obzirom da takav postupak može voditi produktivnoj razmeni ideja i ranijoj i većoj citiranosti objavljenog članka (Vidi Efekti otvorenog pristupa).
